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1.
Sensors (Basel) ; 21(21)2021 Oct 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34770452

RESUMO

Some bands in the frequency spectrum have become overloaded and others underutilized due to the considerable increase in demand and user allocation policy. Cognitive radio applies detection techniques to dynamically allocate unlicensed users. Cooperative spectrum sensing is currently showing promising results. Therefore, in this work, we propose a cooperative spectrum detection system based on a residual neural network architecture combined with feature extractor and random forest classifier. The objective of this paper is to propose a cooperative spectrum sensing approach that can achieve high accuracy in higher levels of noise power density with less unlicensed users cooperating in the system. Therefore, we propose to extract features of the sensing information of each unlicensed user, then we use a random forest to classify if there is a presence of a licensed user in each band analyzed by the unlicensed user. Then, information from several unlicensed users are shared to a fusion center, where the decision about the presence or absence of a licensed user is accomplished by a model trained by a residual neural network. In our work, we achieved a high level of accuracy even when the noise power density is high, which means that our proposed approach is able to recognize the presence of a licensed user in 98% of the cases when the evaluated channel suffers a high level of noise power density (-134 dBm/Hz). This result was achieved with the cooperation of 10 unlicensed users.


Assuntos
Redes de Comunicação de Computadores , Redes Neurais de Computação
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(1): e48-e52, 2020-02-00. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1095869

RESUMO

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré constituye una entidad de etiología diversa, que se caracteriza por debilidad muscular aguda, simétrica, ascendente y progresiva, y es una de las polineuropatías adquiridas más frecuentes en la infancia. Entre los diagnósticos diferenciales, deben considerarse las neuropatías producidas por metales pesados, mercurio y plomo, y metaloides, como el arsénico, plaguicidas organofosforados y el tetracloruro de carbono.Se presenta a un paciente de 14 años con diagnóstico de síndrome de Guillain-Barré sin respuesta al tratamiento convencional con gammaglobulina. Considerando otras etiologías, se sospechó neuropatía producida por metales pesados, y se confirmó intoxicación por mercurio.El objetivo de esta presentación es concientizar a los pediatras acerca del impacto de los tóxicos ambientales en la salud infantil para realizar un diagnóstico precoz pesquisando datos clave a través de la historia clínica ambiental


Guillain-Barré syndrome is an entity of diverse etiology, characterized by acute, symmetric, ascending and progressive muscle weakness, being one of the most frequent acquired polyneuropathies in childhood. Neuropathies produced by heavy metals, mercury and lead, and metalloids, such as arsenic, organophosphorus pesticides and carbon tetrachloride, should be considered among the differential diagnoses.We present a 14-year-old patient with a presumptive diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome without response to conventional treatment with gamma globulin. Considering other etiologies, heavy metal neuropathy was suspected, and mercury poisoning was confirmed.The aim of this presentation is to make pediatricians aware about the impact of environmental toxic agents on children's health in order to make an early diagnosis by researching key data through the environmental clinical history.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Mercúrio/diagnóstico , Polineuropatias , Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Metais Pesados/tratamento farmacológico , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 118(1): e48-e52, 2020 02.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31984709

RESUMO

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an entity of diverse etiology, characterized by acute, symmetric, ascending and progressive muscle weakness, being one of the most frequent acquired polyneuropathies in childhood. Neuropathies produced by heavy metals, mercury and lead, and metalloids, such as arsenic, organophosphorus pesticides and carbon tetrachloride, should be considered among the differential diagnoses. We present a 14-year-old patient with a presumptive diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome without response to conventional treatment with gamma globulin. Considering other etiologies, heavy metal neuropathy was suspected, and mercury poisoning was confirmed. The aim of this presentation is to make pediatricians aware about the impact of environmental toxic agents on children's health in order to make an early diagnosis by researching key data through the environmental clinical history.


El síndrome de Guillain-Barré constituye una entidad de etiología diversa, que se caracteriza por debilidad muscular aguda, simétrica, ascendente y progresiva, y es una de las polineuropatías adquiridas más frecuentes en la infancia. Entre los diagnósticos diferenciales, deben considerarse las neuropatías producidas por metales pesados, mercurio y plomo, y metaloides, como el arsénico, plaguicidas organofosforados y el tetracloruro de carbono. Se presenta a un paciente de 14 años con diagnóstico de síndrome de Guillain-Barré sin respuesta al tratamiento convencional con gammaglobulina. Considerando otras etiologías, se sospechó neuropatía producida por metales pesados, y se confirmó intoxicación por mercurio. El objetivo de esta presentación es concientizar a los pediatras acerca del impacto de los tóxicos ambientales en la salud infantil para realizar un diagnóstico precoz pesquisando datos clave a través de la historia clínica ambiental.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Mercúrio/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 245-251, ago. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1054928

RESUMO

Introducción. Debido a la fuerte industrialización de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores, la población podría estar expuesta a metales. Para poder evaluar el nivel de exposición de los niños al cromo y al mercurio, es fundamental tener valores de referencia (VR) propios. El objetivo fue determinar los VR pediátricos para cromo y mercurio en la muestra aislada de orina. Población y métodos: Se incluyeron niños y niñas no expuestos a los contaminantes evaluados que concurrieron al Servicio de Bajo Riesgo y al Consultorio del Jardín Maternal del Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan". Se cuantificó cromo (UCr), mercurio (UHg) y creatinina urinarios. Se calcularon los p95 con su intervalo de confianza del 95 % [IC 95 %] según el concepto para VR de la German Human Biomonitoring Commission. Resultados: Se incluyeron 160 pacientes en el estudio. Se obtuvieron 144 muestras de niños y niñas de entre 1 y 17 años (mediana: 7 años). Se cuantificó UCr a 137 muestras y UHg a 129. La mediana y rango de cromo fue 0,54 (indetectable -3,06) µg/g de creatinina y la de mercurio fue 0,49 (indetectable -7,57) µg/g de creatinina.Conclusiones: Los VR fueron, para UCr, hasta 1,5 µg/l [1,2-2,8] y hasta 2,2 µg/g de creatinina [1,8-3,0] y para UHg, hasta 2,5 µg/l [1,8-4,8] y 3,2 µg/g de creatinina [2,5-4,7


Introduction. Due to the heavy industrialization of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires, the population may have become exposed to metals.To assess the level of exposure to chromium and mercury in children, it is critical to have local reference values (RVs). Our objective was to determine pediatric RVs for chromium and mercury in a single urine sample.Population and methods: Children who were not exposed to the studied contaminants and who attended the Department of Low Risk Conditions and the Daycare Center Office of Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" were included. Urinary chromium (UCr), urinary mercury (UHg), and urinary creatinine were measured. The p95 and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were estimated based on the RV concept proposed by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission.Results: The study included 160 patients. A total of 144 samples from children aged 1-17 years (median: 7 years) were collected. UCr was measured in 137 samples and UHg, in 129 samples. The median value of chromium was 0.54 µg/g of creatinine (range, undetectable to 3.06), while that of mercury was 0.49 µg/g of creatinine (range, undetectable to 7.57). Conclusions: The RVs for UCr were up to 1.5 µg/L [1.2-2.8] and up to 2.2 µg/g of creatinine [1.8-3.0], and for UHg, up to 2.5 µg/L [1.8-4.8] and 3.2 µg/g of creatinine [2.5-4.7]


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Valores de Referência , Cromo/urina , Mercúrio/urina , População Urbana , Urina , Exposição Ambiental/análise
5.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(4): 245-251, 2019 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31339267

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Due to the heavy industrialization of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires, the population may have become exposed to metals. To assess the level of exposure to chromium and mercury in children, it is critical to have local reference values (RVs). Our objective was to determine pediatric RV s for chromium and mercury in a single urine sample. POPULATION AND METHODS: Children who were not exposed to the studied contaminants and who attended the Department of Low Risk Conditions and the Daycare Center Office of Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" were included. Urinary chromium (UCr), urinary mercury (UHg), and urinary creatinine were measured. The p95 and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were estimated based on the RV concept proposed by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission. RESULTS: The study included 160 patients. A total of 144 samples from children aged 1-17 years (median: 7 years) were collected. UCr was measured in 137 samples and UHg, in 129 samples. The median value of chromium was 0.54 µg/g of creatinine (range, undetectable to 3.06), while that of mercury was 0.49 µg/g of creatinine (range, undetectable to 7.57). CONCLUSIONS: The RVs for UCr were up to 1.5 µg/L [1.2-2.8] and up to 2.2 µg/g of creatinine [1.8-3.0], and for UHg, up to 2.5 µg/L [1.8-4.8] and 3.2 µg/g of creatinine [2.5-4.7].


Introducción. Debido a la fuerte industrialización de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores, la población podría estar expuesta a metales. Para poder evaluar el nivel de exposición de los niños al cromo y al mercurio, es fundamental tener valores de referencia (VR) propios. El objetivo fue determinar los VR pediátricos para cromo y mercurio en la muestra aislada de orina. Población y métodos: Se incluyeron niños y niñas no expuestos a los contaminantes evaluados que concurrieron al Servicio de Bajo Riesgo y al Consultorio del Jardín Maternal del Hospital de Pediatría S. A. M. I. C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan". Se cuantificó cromo (UCr), mercurio (UHg) y creatinina urinarios. Se calcularon los p95 con su intervalo de confianza del 95 % [IC 95 %] según el concepto para VR de la German Human Biomonitoring Commission. Resultados: Se incluyeron 160 pacientes en el estudio. Se obtuvieron 144 muestras de niños y niñas de entre 1 y 17 años (mediana: 7 años). Se cuantificó UCr a 137 muestras y UHg a 129. La mediana y rango de cromo fue 0,54 (indetectable -3,06) µg/g de creatinina y la de mercurio fue 0,49 (indetectable -7,57) µg/g de creatinina. Conclusiones: Los VR fueron, para UCr, hasta 1,5 µg/l [1,2-2,8] y hasta 2,2 µg/g de creatinina [1,8-3,0] y para UHg, hasta 2,5 µg/l [1,8-4,8] y 3,2 µg/g de creatinina [2,5-4,7].


Assuntos
Cromo/urina , Mercúrio/urina , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Saúde da População Urbana
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(4): 590-593, ago. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950048

RESUMO

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) es el agente causal de un 30% de las manifestaciones respiratorias de la población general. La neumonía ocupa el primer lugar dentro de este grupo. Las manifestaciones neurológicas representan las formas más frecuentes de presentación clínica extrapulmonar (40%). Las encefalitis y meningoencefalitis son las formas más habituales de sintomatología neurológica asociada a infección por Mp. La presentación de más de una variante clínica en un mismo paciente asociada a primoinfección por Mp es posible. El diagnóstico serológico plantea, habitualmente, controversias en su interpretación. A partir del caso de una niña de 7 años con inyección conjuntival, adenopatía cervical, rash descamativo y fotofobia con "pseudoedema de papila bilateral", que desarrolla durante su evolución parálisis facial periférica y meningitis aséptica, se analizarán las controversias que se plantean en relación con la interpretación diagnóstica asociada al compromiso neurológico por Mp.


Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is responsible for 30% of the respiratory manifestations of the general population. Pneumonia occupies the first place within this group. Among the extra-respiratory forms (40%), the neurological ones are the most frequent. Meningoencephalitis and aseptic meningitis are the most common. The presentation of more than one clinical variant in the same patient associated with primoinfection by Mp is possible. In relation to the serological diagnosis, controversies in interpretation sometimes occur. This is a 7-year-old girl with conjunctival injection, cervical adenopathy, photophobia with bilateral papilla pseudoedema, and scaly rash that develops peripheral facial paralysis and aseptic meningitis. We will discuss diagnostic controversies.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Meningite Asséptica/diagnóstico , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Paralisia Facial/diagnóstico , Paralisia Facial/microbiologia , Meningite Asséptica/microbiologia , Meningoencefalite/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia
7.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(4): e590-e593, 2018 08 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30016037

RESUMO

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is responsible for 30% of the respiratory manifestations of the general population. Pneumonia occupies the first place within this group. Among the extra-respiratory forms (40%), the neurological ones are the most frequent. Meningoencephalitis and aseptic meningitis are the most common. The presentation of more than one clinical variant in the same patient associated with primoinfection by Mp is possible. In relation to the serological diagnosis, controversies in interpretation sometimes occur. This is a 7-year-old girl with conjunctival injection, cervical adenopathy, photophobia with bilateral papilla pseudoedema, and scaly rash that develops peripheral facial paralysis and aseptic meningitis. We will discuss diagnostic controversies.


Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) es el agente causal de un 30% de las manifestaciones respiratorias de la población general. La neumonía ocupa el primer lugar dentro de este grupo. Las manifestaciones neurológicas representan las formas más frecuentes de presentación clínica extrapulmonar (40%). Las encefalitis y meningoencefalitis son las formas más habituales de sintomatología neurológica asociada a infección por Mp. La presentación de más de una variante clínica en un mismo paciente asociada a primoinfección por Mp es posible. El diagnóstico serológico plantea, habitualmente, controversias en su interpretación. A partir del caso de una niña de 7 años con inyección conjuntival, adenopatía cervical, rash descamativo y fotofobia con "pseudoedema de papila bilateral", que desarrolla durante su evolución parálisis facial periférica y meningitis aséptica, se analizarán las controversias que se plantean en relación con la interpretación diagnóstica asociada al compromiso neurológico por Mp.


Assuntos
Meningite Asséptica/diagnóstico , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Criança , Paralisia Facial/diagnóstico , Paralisia Facial/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Meningite Asséptica/microbiologia , Meningoencefalite/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/microbiologia
9.
Buenos Aires; Médica Panamericana; 2018. 162 p. ilus, tab.
Monografia em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-911985

RESUMO

Las enfermedades de la vía aérea superior en la infancia constituyen la causa más frecuente de consulta al pediatra y abarcan una diversidad de trastornos cuyo abordaje preciso y oportuno es fundamental. En este nuevo volumen de las Series de Pediatría Garrahan: El niño con problemas de la vía aérea superior se han reunido pediatras con amplia experiencia en el área ambulatoria del Hospital y prestigiosos especialistas en otorrinolaringología pediátrica para resumir y actualizar las claves en el manejo integral de esta problemática. Entre sus características se destacan: El estudio detallado de las patologías clínicas más frecuentes, como otitis media aguda, rinosinusitis, estridor, tos crónica, hipoacusia y faringoamigdalitis, y de las indicaciones de amigdalectomía o adenoidectomía. El abordaje, a través de casos clínicos y de manera dinámica, con la secuencia de presentación clínica, los estudios de diagnósticos, el tratamiento y la evolución de los niños con estas patologías y sus complicaciones. El cierre de cada capítulo con un recordatorio de puntos clave y lecturas recomendadas y, además, material complementario como videos o descripción de procedimientos disponibles en el sitio web. Comparte y transmite una modalidad de trabajo propia del hospital, con base en el rol central del pediatra como coordinador de la atención interdisciplinaria en el marco de su tarea cotidiana junto a los niños y sus familias. Una obra actualizada y práctica que aporta información científica y experiencia de los profesionales de una institución de prestigio. Este tomo y las Series de Pediatría, en su conjunto, serán de gran utilidad para todos aquellos miembros del equipo de salud que atienden y cuidan niños, dondequiera que trabajen al servicio de la salud infantil.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Otite Média , Sinusite , Tonsilectomia , Adenoidectomia , Faringite , Tonsilite , Sons Respiratórios , Tosse , Perda Auditiva
11.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(6): 562-566, dic. 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1159648

RESUMO

La Organización Mundial de la Salud considera la salud ambiental infantil como uno de los principales retos de la salud pública del siglo XXI y promueve el desarrollo de programas que permitan abordar, divulgar o mitigar el impacto en la salud de los contaminantes ambientales en todos los niveles de atención pediátrica. El consultorio de Atención Pediátrica Ambiental (APA) que funciona en el Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" se organizó con el objetivo de atender las demandas de aquellos pacientes con sospechada o comprobada exposición a riesgos ambientales. Se utilizó una historia clínica ambiental pediátrica, elaborada para tal fin


Children environmental health is considered by The World Health Organization as one of the main challenges of Public Health during the Century XXI. They promote the development of programs that allow approaching, disclosure or mitigation of the impact of polluting agents on health at every level of pediatric attention. The Children Hospital "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" has created an Environmental Health Office in order to address the demands of those patients with suspected or verified exposure to environmental risks. An Environmental Clinical History has been elaborated with this purpose.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Serviços de Saúde da Criança , Saúde Ambiental , Hospitais Pediátricos , Argentina
12.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 112(6): 562-6, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25362916

RESUMO

Children environmental health is considered by The World Health Organization as one of the main challenges of Public Health during the Century XXI. They promote the development of programs that allow approaching, disclosure or mitigation of the impact of polluting agents on health at every level of pediatric attention. The Children Hospital "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" has created an Environmental Health Office in order to address the demands of those patients with suspected or verified exposure to environmental risks. An Environmental Clinical History has been elaborated with this purpose.


Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde da Criança , Saúde Ambiental , Hospitais Pediátricos , Argentina , Criança , Humanos
13.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 112(6): 562-6, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-133389

RESUMO

Children environmental health is considered by The World Health Organization as one of the main challenges of Public Health during the Century XXI. They promote the development of programs that allow approaching, disclosure or mitigation of the impact of polluting agents on health at every level of pediatric attention. The Children Hospital "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" has created an Environmental Health Office in order to address the demands of those patients with suspected or verified exposure to environmental risks. An Environmental Clinical History has been elaborated with this purpose.

14.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 111(6): 0-0, dic. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-694704

RESUMO

La descarga de sangre a través del pezón (telorragia) es un síntoma muy infrecuente en pediatría. Si bien genera gran preocupación y alarma por su equivocada asociación con el carcinoma de pacientes adultos, en los niños se asocia, en la mayoría de los casos, con una ectasia ductal benigna. Hasta el momento, sólo existen informes o series de casos y, aunque se proponen diferentes teorías, la causa no se conoce con exactitud. Se presentan dos casos con características clínicas y evolución muy similar, en los que el sangrado se resolvió en forma espontánea, uno en cuatro y el otro en seis semanas. Se realiza una revisión del tema y, dado que se trata de un proceso benigno y autolimitado, se sugiere, en ausencia de otros hallazgos en el examen físico, realizar estudios mínimamente invasivos, adoptar una conducta expectante y tranquilizar a la familia en la espera de una resolución espontánea.


Bloody discharge from the nipple (thelorrhagia) is a rare symptom in childhood and is a cause of great concern due to the mistaken association with carcinoma in adults. However, in children thelorrhagia is due to benign mammary duct ectasia in the majority of cases. Up to date, only isolated case reports or case series have been published and, although different theories have been postulated, no definite etiology has been identified. We report two cases with similar clinical features and outcome, in whom bleeding resolved spontaneously 4 and 6 weeks after onset. We present a review of the literature. Based on the benign and self-limiting process and in the absence of other findings on physical examination, we suggest a watch-and-wait approach with minimally invasive studies and reassurance and support for the family as most cases resolve spontaneously.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Sangue , Doenças Mamárias/complicações , Mamilos , Dilatação Patológica
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 111(6): 0-0, dic. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-130867

RESUMO

La descarga de sangre a través del pezón (telorragia) es un síntoma muy infrecuente en pediatría. Si bien genera gran preocupación y alarma por su equivocada asociación con el carcinoma de pacientes adultos, en los niños se asocia, en la mayoría de los casos, con una ectasia ductal benigna. Hasta el momento, sólo existen informes o series de casos y, aunque se proponen diferentes teorías, la causa no se conoce con exactitud. Se presentan dos casos con características clínicas y evolución muy similar, en los que el sangrado se resolvió en forma espontánea, uno en cuatro y el otro en seis semanas. Se realiza una revisión del tema y, dado que se trata de un proceso benigno y autolimitado, se sugiere, en ausencia de otros hallazgos en el examen físico, realizar estudios mínimamente invasivos, adoptar una conducta expectante y tranquilizar a la familia en la espera de una resolución espontánea.(AU)


Bloody discharge from the nipple (thelorrhagia) is a rare symptom in childhood and is a cause of great concern due to the mistaken association with carcinoma in adults. However, in children thelorrhagia is due to benign mammary duct ectasia in the majority of cases. Up to date, only isolated case reports or case series have been published and, although different theories have been postulated, no definite etiology has been identified. We report two cases with similar clinical features and outcome, in whom bleeding resolved spontaneously 4 and 6 weeks after onset. We present a review of the literature. Based on the benign and self-limiting process and in the absence of other findings on physical examination, we suggest a watch-and-wait approach with minimally invasive studies and reassurance and support for the family as most cases resolve spontaneously.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Sangue , Doenças Mamárias/complicações , Mamilos , Dilatação Patológica
16.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 111(6): e152-5, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24196775

RESUMO

Bloody discharge from the nipple (thelorrhagia) is a rare symptom in childhood and is a cause of great concern due to the mistaken association with carcinoma in adults. However, in children thelorrhagia is due to benign mammary duct ectasia in the majority of cases. Up to date, only isolated case reports or case series have been published and, although different theories have been postulated, no definite etiology has been identified. We report two cases with similar clinical features and outcome, in whom bleeding resolved spontaneously 4 and 6 weeks after onset. We present a review of the literature. Based on the benign and self-limiting process and in the absence of other findings on physical examination, we suggest a watch-and-wait approach with minimally invasive studies and reassurance and support for the family as most cases resolve spontaneously.


Assuntos
Sangue , Doenças Mamárias/complicações , Mamilos , Dilatação Patológica , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
17.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 111(6): e152-5, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-132858

RESUMO

Bloody discharge from the nipple (thelorrhagia) is a rare symptom in childhood and is a cause of great concern due to the mistaken association with carcinoma in adults. However, in children thelorrhagia is due to benign mammary duct ectasia in the majority of cases. Up to date, only isolated case reports or case series have been published and, although different theories have been postulated, no definite etiology has been identified. We report two cases with similar clinical features and outcome, in whom bleeding resolved spontaneously 4 and 6 weeks after onset. We present a review of the literature. Based on the benign and self-limiting process and in the absence of other findings on physical examination, we suggest a watch-and-wait approach with minimally invasive studies and reassurance and support for the family as most cases resolve spontaneously.


Assuntos
Sangue , Doenças Mamárias/complicações , Mamilos , Dilatação Patológica , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
18.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 110(3): 259-64, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22760754

RESUMO

Mercury (Hg) is currently considered a global pollutant. Mercury is a significant environmental toxin and has a huge impact on human health, causing irreversible damage to the central nervous system, especially in the most vulnerable stages of life. Medical centers contribute to 4-5% of the total mercury present in drainage waters. Practices should be introduced to reduce mercury use with the aim of complete elimination. International entities, governments, non-governmental organizations, and health professionals should support all measures taken to achieve this goal.


Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ambiental , Mercúrio/efeitos adversos , Criança , Humanos
19.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 110(3): 259-264, mayo-jun. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-639622

RESUMO

El mercurio (Hg) es actualmente un contaminante de relevancia mundial. Es un importante tóxico ambiental con gran impacto sobre la salud humana ya que ocasiona daños irreversibles en el sistema nervioso central, principalmente en las etapas de mayor vulnerabilidad. Los centros de salud contribuyen con un 4-5% del total de mercurio presente en aguas residuales. Por ello es importante generar conductas para disminuir su uso y luego lograr su eliminación. Las entidades internacionales, los gobiernos, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y los profesionales de la salud debemos apoyar todas las medidas que se adopten con este fin.


Mercury (Hg) is currently considered a global pollutant. Mercury is a signifcant environmental toxin and has a huge impact on human health, causing irreversible damage to the central nervous system, especially in the most vulnerable stages of life. Medical centers contribute to 4-5% of the total mercury present in drainage waters. Practices should be introduced to reduce mercury use with the aim of complete elimination. International entities, governments, non-governmental organizations, and health professionals should support all measures taken to achieve this goal.


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Saúde Ambiental , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Mercúrio/efeitos adversos
20.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 110(3): 259-264, mayo-jun. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-127794

RESUMO

El mercurio (Hg) es actualmente un contaminante de relevancia mundial. Es un importante tóxico ambiental con gran impacto sobre la salud humana ya que ocasiona daños irreversibles en el sistema nervioso central, principalmente en las etapas de mayor vulnerabilidad. Los centros de salud contribuyen con un 4-5% del total de mercurio presente en aguas residuales. Por ello es importante generar conductas para disminuir su uso y luego lograr su eliminación. Las entidades internacionales, los gobiernos, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y los profesionales de la salud debemos apoyar todas las medidas que se adopten con este fin.(AU)


Mercury (Hg) is currently considered a global pollutant. Mercury is a signifcant environmental toxin and has a huge impact on human health, causing irreversible damage to the central nervous system, especially in the most vulnerable stages of life. Medical centers contribute to 4-5% of the total mercury present in drainage waters. Practices should be introduced to reduce mercury use with the aim of complete elimination. International entities, governments, non-governmental organizations, and health professionals should support all measures taken to achieve this goal.(AU)

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